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Furthermore, the proteomic analysis of honeybee and bumblebee venoms has unraveled components of bee venom, such as peptides, proteins with enzymatic properties, and low-molecular-weight compounds. Various pharmacotherapeutic effects of bee venom have been reported in the treatment of several disorders, including arthritic rheumatism, pain, and cancer. Thus, bee venom has been used in alternative therapeutic methods, such as in bee venom therapy (VT) and bee venom immunotherapy (VIT). Collectively, our data demonstrate that BivCaE functions as a lipolytic agent in bee venom, suggesting that BivCaE will be involved in distributing the venom via degradation of blood triglycerides.īee venom is a mixture of toxic components and functions as a defense against predator attacks while also having components with pharmacological and therapeutic value. Bee venom phospholipase A 2 binds to mammalian cells and induces apoptosis, whereas BivCaE does not affect mammalian cells. Recombinant BivCaE protein degrades triglycerides and exhibits high lipolytic activity toward long-chain triglycerides, defining the role of BivCaE as a lipolytic agent. The enzymatic activity of the recombinant BivCaE protein was optimal at 40 ☌ and pH 8.5. ignitus worker bees was confirmed using an anti-BivCaE antibody raised against a recombinant BivCaE protein produced in baculovirus-infected insect cells. The presence of BivCaE in the venom secreted by B. Here, we show the lipolytic activity of a bumblebee ( Bombus ignitus) venom carboxylesterase (BivCaE). Although the carboxylesterase in bee venom has been identified as an allergen, the enzyme’s role as a venom component has not been previously elucidated. Bee venom is a complex mixture composed of peptides, proteins with enzymatic properties, and low-molecular-weight compounds.

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